Air abrasion is a dental technique that uses compressed air to propel a thin stream of abrasive particles often aluminum oxide or silica – through a specialized hand-piece to remove tooth tissue and decay before being suctioned away, similar to sand blasting. It can be used in a variety of dental procedures, including removing tooth decay, stains, and old restorations, as well as to prepare teeth for new restorations, sealants, and bonding
Advantages of air abrasion include that it preserves more healthy tooth tissue (which can increase the strength and longevity of restorations), and has less risk of fracturing or chipping a tooth when compared to a traditional dental drill. Air abrasion generates minimal noise, vibration, pressure, and heat, all of which can increase patient comfort and reduce or eliminate the need for local anesthesia.
Air abrasion is a minimally invasive technology that offers an alternative method for removing decay from teeth. It may also be used to prepare the surface of a tooth for a bonding procedure, the application of sealants, or for removal of certain stains and discolorations of the tooth enamel.
Air abrasion operates like a mini sandblaster emitting a precise stream of fine particles that can be aimed at the affected areas of the tooth. As the stream of particles strike the tooth’s surface the decay is efficiently and gently removed. Utilizing this method the dentist is able to remove the soft decay, while leaving healthy tooth structure intact.
The advantage of air abrasion technology is the elimination of the harsh sound and vibration of the dental drill. This is often a plus for individuals who are uncomfortable or anxious about getting dental treatment. Moreover, using air abrasion technology may eliminate the need for local anesthesia.
While air abrasion is an excellent, simple, quick and effective alternation to the dental drill, it does have some limitations. Treating large cavities and the removal of old fillings in some cases may still require a more conventional approach.
